White Papers

Papers created by EVRoaming Foundation

How to deal with tariffs

Does an EV driver know and understand what he/she will pay for the charge session? Often the answer is: “No”. EV driver tariffs are complex which can be caused by many reasons: because of complex tariffs earlier in the chain or by demands in tenders. Besides that the way tariffs are dealt with by different parties in the chain and how they are exchanged is not always efficient. As a result of this complex set ups and in-efficient exchange, EV drivers often can’t access the actual (total) tariff before the start of their charging session. If we don’t act and improve now, it will only get worse in the coming years.

This document describes the situation, the issues and proposes solutions on how to deal with tariffs between CPO and MSP as well as towards EV drivers.

This document is focusing on the business processes and not directly on protocols.

However it is important that protocols support the recommendations. It is verified that at least OCPI v2.2.1 can process the recommendations. 

This White Paper contains 4 parts:

1. The relation between CPO and MSP and how they should deal with tariffs. This includes also a technical annex on how to deal with the recommendations from a technical perspective. (This is the current released part of the white paper)
2. The relation with the EV drivers and how parties should approach them with their tariffs. This is partially a result of the situation between CPO and MSP, but contains also information about signage, and expectations from EV drivers
3. What governments and other organizations should take into account concerning charging tariffs in their tenders and requests for proposals.
4. Future trends and developments.  

White Paper “How to deal with tariffs”

Advanced Smart Charging Algorithms and Protocols (Re-ESCAPE)

The transportation sector is moving towards electric vehicles (EVs) to decrease greenhouse gas emissions and promote sustainability. The next step is to fully integrate renewable energy sources with smart charging infrastructure in order to maximise the impact on climate goals. This white paper focuses on the Dutch government-funded Re-ESCAPE project (Resubmission Experiment Smart Charging Algorithms and Protocols for EVs) to explore advanced concepts of smart charging. The project addresses three main challenges: renewable energy variability, grid stability and congestion, and maintaining the interoperability between stakeholders acting within the EV smart charging market.

The Re-ESCAPE project aims to align charging demand with renewable energy availability by connecting EV charging to electricity prices. By implementing smart charging protocols and forecasting algorithms, the project successfully shifted charging loads from evening demand peaks to the night and early morning. As a result, peak demand was reduced and the use of renewable energy increased, thereby successfully contributing to the sustainability goals.

The findings of this study highlight the benefits and advantages of adopting smart charging solutions. However, further research is needed to fully realize the potential of these solutions. This includes expanding the number of charge points, improving prediction algorithms, and increasing the involvement of EV drivers and manufacturers.

White Paper Smart charging algorithms and protocols

Whitepaper ID formats as agreed in EU by ID Registration Offices and used in OCPI

The ID format for CPOs and MSPs is setup by eMI3, an international organization of e-mobility parties that does not exist anymore. It has been taken over by the EU ID Registration Repository, currently managed by the BeNeLux (https://www.benelux-idro.eu/nl/meer-over/id-registration-repository-idrr). In EU the use of these IDs and the format is an obligation and can be requested by national ID Registration Offices. Outside EU the same ID format can be used, although most countries do not (yet) have ID Registration Offices. It is recommended to support the setup of these. If needed, EVRoaming foundation can support and give information how to do that.

As the IDs are an important part for recognition of parties in the EV chain, the format of IDs can be downloaded here: ID Format